Improvement in permutation-locks



-Nr-TED STAT-Es PATENT OFFICE.'

JOHN coNNELL, or. EocHEsr'EE, NEW YORK, AssieNoR To MARTIN sarees, oFsAME PLACE.

- IMPROVEMENT INPERMUTATlONLLOCKS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 38,858, dated June 9,1863.

ment; Fig. 2, a central vertical transverse section thereof, with theback plates in place; Fig. 3,' a diagram exhibiting ausedge .view-of thebolt, and a central section 'of the back of the lock, andv showing'moreparticularly the manner of lockingl said back in place when the bolt isreversed; Figs. 4 and '5, obverse and reverse \'*iews,respectively, ofone of the permutation-wheels, on an enlarged scale 5 Figs 16, 7, and 8,views showing the construc-- tion ofthe permutation-wheels; Fig. 9, aview of the knob' by which the lock is actuated.

Iiikelettersof referenceindicate corresponding parts inallthe figures.,

In ordinary permutation-locks the tumbler is actuated by means ot' anordinary cam or eccentric on the shat't ot` the Iknob or key, and thedog, which nts into the notches ot' the permutationwheels,to allow thebolt to move,

is brought with considerable force against the edges ot' said wheels atevery turn of the knob.- This action produces a sound by the concussion,which, to .the practiced ear of anaccomplished burglar, enables him toascertainwith a greater degree otvexactness the relative positioncf thepermutation-wheels, and to more readily bring them into the propercombination to release the bolt.

My invention consists in operating the dog in such a manner that itsha-ll not rest against the pe'rnnitation-wheelsat anytime duringtheir-'motion' in producing the. desired combination, nor be brought inContact therewith with any degree'- of torce, so as to produce sound;also, in locking'the back of the lock in place when the bolt isdisengaged or thrown back, so that no one can open it to ascertain theposition of the wheels for the next permutation or combination, or tostudy its construction-.1

- In the general construction .of 'mylock vI employ many of the partspatented to Henry W. Covert', and my invention isintended as animprovement on his devices. The'case A ofthe lock is of ordinaryconstruction.v In this -rests ,a bolt, B, and tumbler C, fitted face' toface, the former'provided with projecting lugs a 0., Figs. l and 8, atsuitable positions on eacliside of the 1tumbler, and thelatter withhook-shaped detents or projections b b, which, as the tumbler is raised,slide up on 'one side or the other of the lugs (according as thebolt-is'thrown forward or back)` to keep said bolt in positions The-boltis'operated by the friction of a ca1n,c, on the sliding shaft .E of theknob, iittingin a hollow sleeve or collar, F, Fig. 2, which has a cam,d, Fig. 1,

resting in a notch, e, of suitable shape inthe bolt, the device being'the'saine as Ithat patented to H. QW. Govert', October 5, 1858.'v A

knob is attached to the extremity of the slid ingshaft, providedwith a disk or circular head, G,- whichjust ts in a socket, H, Fig.

2, of suitable shape, secured to the door, and which is of sufficientprojection to allow the proper slidingmotion to theshaft to accomplishthe result desired. The bolt and tumbler are kept in placeand guided intheir motions'by means of lugs -f f f ot the case, which also serve asthe sockets for bolts to secure a'plate, I, Fig. 2, by which theparts'are lreta-ined in position.' Outside this plate theback K of thelock is secured by means of bolts passing through holes g g. The back isprovided with acen'tral circular opening, in the rim iof'which lits ahollow cyiinder, .Ii,"Fig`s. 2 and 3, ot' suitable size for containing'the permutationwheels M M, and having a central axis or bearing, 7L,for their support.

. The permutationwvheels are similarin general construction to' thosepatented to H. W. Covert, March 1, 1859, being'composed of two parts-anouter'ring, t, 6,' and al center disk, u, Fig. 7, lwhich fits inthering.- The two parts are shown united'inthe-section,

Fig. 8. The object of this arrangement is to to adjust the index-hand tothe scale exactly,l

Vbut also to tit all the corrugations around the whole, circumferenceinto those of the opposite piece. Instead of this arrangement, I make acircle of holesfc c, Figs. 6 and 8, through the inner rim of the ring t,corresponding to the divisions of the scale, and info any of these fitcorresponding pins,- 'w 10, Figs. Tand 8, projecting from the face ofthe center disk, u. The parts are thus capable of being adjusted to anyposition, and are at thesame time held firmly together. By thisarrangement I am obliged'to make the holes in but one part, and theseare bored with great facility and yeractness, whereas, if corrugationsare used, they have to be made in both parts or" the device, and have tobe accurately fitted to enter each o-ther. I am thus enabled to secure amore perfect arrangement at less labor and cost. The wheels are providedwith the usual notch, 7c, in the periphery, in which catches the dog forreleasing ythe bolt, and alsov a stop, r, in a groove, q, or equivalent,on one sidein4 whichgroove tits the pin s, by which the wheels areoperated. The dog N forms a part of the tumbler C, projecting from it,and being substantially of the shape represented in Figs. l and 2, itslower edge, l, being of Y such form and position as to restin thenotches of the permutation-wheels as the tumbler falls to its lowestsituation. At the proper point the dog is provided with abearing,m,extend ing downward, and having secured in its lower end afriction-roller, fn, Figs. 'l and 2, which, when in its lowest position,rests near the cylindrical end o of the knob-shaft. In the rear of thefriction-wheel the knob-shaft is provided with a circular cam, O, whosediameter is just such as to laie the tumbler to a suicient height torelease the dog fromthe notches of the permutation-wheels, as: indicatedby red lines. The face of this cam next the friction-roller is madebeveling, as representedat p. Thus arranged, when the slidin'g shaft Eis drawn ont endwise to itsv farthest extent and the notches of thepermutation-wheels are all in coincidence, as indicated in the drawings,the dog N will rest in said notches, the iwheels being disengaged fromthe shaft, and the tumbler will be lowered so that the boltB can bemovedv to either lock or unlock the device but it' the sliding shaft be.pushed inward, in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2,thebevel p of thecam will strike the friction-roller n, and raise thetumbler, (thereby holding the bolt in place,) and consequently lift thedog from the notches of the permutation-wheels, at the same timebringing them in gear by means of the grooves q q and pins s s. Thus,when the wheels are in gear to produce their' movement,.the dog isalways raised away from their edges, and in reversingthe knob-shaf tthey are always disengagedbefore the dog falls, 'so that no soundcanbeprodu( ed from friction. The dog falls only from the weight of thetumbler itself, and but a very small distance, and the velocity of itsfall is only in proportion to that of reversing the shaft ot' the knob.Therefore no loud sound can be produced by the gradual falling of thedog and its contact with the edges of the permutation-wheels.

If t-he reversing of the shaft is sudden, t-o al-4 low the dog to fallquickly, the concussion of the latter will be drowned by the noise ot'the. shaft'itself. In ordinary devices, thedog can be caused to strikethe edges of the wheels repeatedly by actuating ythe knob, so that theburglar can, as it were, feel the position of said wheels by the touchor thefsound produced. In this device the dog is not thus under hiscontrol, as it only falls from its own weight, there being no positivepowerexerted to bring it in contact with the wheels. This deviceaccomplishes the purpose perfectly, while at the same time it is a veryconvenientmeans for operating the tumbler, irre-- spective of itsadvantage in governing the dog. When the bolt is reversed, and the doorunlocked, it would be very easy forvclerks or others to remove thecylinder L and back K ofthe lock, for examining theinterior, were thesame not secured inplace otherwise than by the proper bolts. I remedyythis diliculty by securingto the bolt B, in the proper position, aprojection, l?, Figs. l and 3, having aright'- angled catch, which, whenthe bolt is rcversed or thrown back for opening the door, catches into ahole, u, made through the side of the rim or angcfi ot' the back, andthrough the side of the cylinder. Thus, when the door is unlocked, Asothat'l the lock is exposed, no one can remove either the back orcylinder. The cylinder is further held by a screw, c, passing throughthe back. i

4W'hat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is Y l. The arrangementand combination of the cam O on theoperating-shaft, the bearingy m and dog N of the tumbler G, and thepermutation-wheels M M, whereby the dog is pre-l vented from producingnoise or pressure on the edges of the wheels, substantially as hereinset forth'.

2. Locking the back K and cylinder L in place, when the bolt is reversedor thrown back, by means of the catch P, passing throu gh the hole u,arranged and operating substantially as herein set forth.

4In witness whereof I have hereunto signedV my name in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

' JOHN CONNELL.

Witnesses:

MARTIN Beides," R. F. OsGooD.

